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2. Problems concerning the composition of spans of utterance wider than the sentence 
3. Peculiar Use of Colloquial Constructions 
4. Transferred use of Structural meaning 
 
Problem:What is the role of Syntactical expressive means and stylistic devices? 
 
Key words: 
Overshadowed, domain, purport, satellite, proximity, parallel construction, consecutive, 
climax, juxtaposition, anaphora 
It is well known that study of the sentence and its types and especially the study of 
the relations between different parts of the sentence has had a long history. Rhetoric was 
mainly engaged in the observation of the juxtaposition of the members of the sentence and 
in finding ways and means of building larger and more elaborate spans of utterance, as for 
example, the period or periodical sentence. Modern grammars have greatly extended the 
scope of structural analysis and have taken under observation the peculiarities of the 
relations between the members of the sentence, which somehow has overshadowed 
problems connected with structural and semantic patterns of larger syntactical units. It 
would not be an exaggeration to state that the study of units of speech larger than the 
sentence is still being neglected by many linguists. Some of them even consider such units 
to be extra-linguistic, thus excluding them entirely from domain of Linguistics. 
The Syntactical Whole. The term syntactical whole is used to denote a larger unit 
than a sentence. It generally comprises a number of sentences interdependent structurally 
(usually by means of pronouns, connectives, tence-forms) and semantically (one definite 
thought is dealt with). Such a span of utterance is also characterized by the fact that it can 
be extracted. This cannot be said of the sentence, which, while representing a complete 
syntactical unit may, however, lack the quality of independence. A sentence from the 
stylistic point of view does not necessarily express one idea, as it is defined in most 
manuals of grammar. It may express only part of one idea. Thus the sentence: “Guy 
glanced at his wife’s untouched plate” if taken out of the context will be perceived as a 
part of a larger span of utterance where the situation will be made clear and the purpose of 
verbal expression more complete. 
Here is the complete syntactical whole: 
Guy glanced at his wife’s untouched plate. 
“If you’ve finished we might stroll down. I think you ought to be
starting.” 
She did not answer. She rose from the table. She went into her room to
se that nothing had been forgotten and than side by side with him
walked down the steps. (Somerset Maugham) 

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