Title: Intercultural Communication (IC) in a Multiethnic SOCIETY  Author

КОРЕЕВЕДЕНИЕ КАЗАХСТАНА выпуск 9 (2019) 
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sentatives of different cultures. The development of this direction is particular-
ly important for poly-ethnic and multicultural societies. 
Knowledge and usage of adequate methods and means of communica-
tion in different cultures enable successful communication and allow to avoid 
cultural shock. 
In this article we investigate the differences of the means of commu-
nication, which are important for successful communication between repre-
sentatives of Korean and Russian-speaking cultures. 
In communication people use three types of knowledge that constitute 
communication — cognitive, linguistic, and cultural. Cognitive knowledge is 
knowledge about the real world which everyone who speaks in this language 
has gained, linguistic knowledge is knowledge of linguistic meanings and cul-
tural knowledge is elements of ethnic culture . 
The role of language as a means of communication is immense, but 
the condition for successful communication between people of different cul-
tures is that the bilingual knows all the peculiarities of the partner’s language. 
For the successful intercultural communication the choice of language means
considering politeness as communicative category is extremely important. Ac-
cording to T.V. Larina, this category is the core that regulates different linguis-
tic cultures representatives’ behavior. 
There are examples of specifics of using language means of commu-
nication by representatives of the Korean and Russian-speaking cultures.
Some examples illustrate the differences in the expression of polite-
ness category of the Koreans of the Korean Peninsula and the Koreans of the 
CIS Diaspora – Kore saram. They have not been described yet though they are 
very interesting. These examples based on the analyses of the sources from the 
fieldwork in Kazakhstan. Examples include greetings that are not typical for 
the culture of the Soviet Koreans assimilated by the culture of the surrounding 
nations. The article touches upon the issue of intercultural tolerance where 
stated that in a multi-ethnic society the culture of any Diaspora cannot be 
mono-ethnic. 
Getting into the poly-ethnic environment, a representative of any eth-
nic group must adapt and consciously form intercultural tolerance. A foreign 
culture becomes an integral part of their own culture. Firstly, in Russia after 
the resettlement in the middle of the 19th century Soviet Koreans acquired 
these qualities adapting in the new society of Russian culture, then in Central 
Asia to the Turkic culture. 
There is another problem for diasporas living in multinational socie-
ties: how to keep their ethnic identity and show tolerance while learning a for-
eign culture in intercultural interaction. It seems that the need to be aware of 
the uniqueness of cultures is the basis for preserving one's ethnic identity. Nat-
urally, in the process of IC national mentality and character are revealed. In 
order to solve and avoid intercultural conflict situations it is necessary, first of 

Пак Н.С. Межкультурная коммуникация в полиэтническом обществе 
67 
all, to overcome ethno-cultural bias and understand the symbols of other cul-
ture.
Identity is the essence of individual: who am I? Typically, the factors 
of identity include nationality, language, culture, mentality, religion, self-
determination, what distinguishes you from others, anthropological data, etc. 
However, these conditions are not sufficient to characterize the identity of di-
aspora representatives. It differs from the identity in the metropolis.
In immigration for socialization in the new environment we can observe con-
scious assimilation in the new culture. This means that a diaspora’s identity in 
characteristic of a Diaspora member living in a multicultural and multiethnic 
society. 
Being at the crossroad of Europe and Asia, Kazakhstan concentrates 
on the features of the Western and Eastern, Turkic and Slavic cultures. That is 
why Western democracy and Eastern traditions, Christianity and Islam, Bud-
dhism and Judaism coexist peacefully here. Kazakhstan can be considered as 
an unique laboratory for searching not only methods of co-existence, but also 
for the development via the interaction. 

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