Почвоведение и агрохимия
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| Y.A. Syrgabek
1 , M. Alimzhanova 1 , A. Amandykova 1 , T.N. Akylbekova 2 SOIL FAUNA OF VINEYARDS OF SOUTHEAST KAZAKHSTAN 1 Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, 050070, Almaty, al-Farabi ave, 71, Kazakhstan, e-mail: serkanat96@gmail.com 1 Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, 050070, Almaty, al-Farabi ave, 71, Kazakhstan, e-mail: mereke.84@mail.ru 1 Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi, 050070, Almaty, al-Farabi ave, 71, Kazakhstan, e-mail:asem.amandikova1999@gmail.com 2 Kazakh National Pedagogical University.Abai, Institute of Natural Sciences and Geography, Faculty of Chemistry, 050070, Almaty,Dostyk Ave., 13, Kazakhstan, e-mail: turar.83@mail.ru Abstract. The total humus content in the distribution along the profile was studied, which corresponds to each type and dark brown soil; the highest humus content is 3.68 %.It is estab- lished that there is a clear correlation between the content of humus in the soil and the number of soil invertebrates, which allows the use of data on the total composition of the mesofauna for the characteristics and this indicator. The influence of the humus content on the soil mesofauna con- tent is considered on a dark brown soil with a humus content in the upper layers of 3.68 %, the number of soil mesofauna was 28 species/m 2 . The main representative of the group of geobionts in dark brown soil are earthworms (Lumbricus). Their high soil content correlates with a high humus content and good soil structure. It is established that changes in the chemical composition of the environment, the physical properties of soils lead to changes in the number and species composition of organisms Key words:mesofauna, soil, microaggregate, bioindicator. INTRODUCTION Modern viticulture of Kazakhstan is an economically independent and socially significant branch of agriculture with a long tradition of growing grapes, making high-quality wines, champagne, brandy, juices, and supplying fresh grapes to re- mote regions of the country. Grapes are fruits with high biological activity. It is used in the food industry for several applications, including juices and jams. These compounds lead to a large number of by-products, which may contain biologically active compounds with inter- esting biological properties [1]. There are many useful antioxidants in grapes. In fact, more than 1,600 beneficial plant com- pounds have been identified in this fruit. Antioxidants in grapes remain present even after fermentation, so red wine also contains many of these compounds [2-4]. Numerous studies have been carried out about its benefits, showing that resveratrol protects against heart disease, lowers blood sugar levels and protects against cancer [5]. Containing a large amount of beneficial plant compounds, this fruit can help protect against certain types of can- cer [3]. Compounds found in grapes can help protect against high cholesterol levels, reducing cholesterol absorption [6]. In one study, 69 people with high levels cholester- ol has been shown that eating three cups (500 grams) of red grapes per day for eight weeks reduces total and cholesterol [7]. The traditionally recognized useful- ness of grapes is confirmed by modern studies of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic activities, a positive effect on the cardiovascular system of com- pounds present in certain ratios in all listed viticulture products.However, the vineyard areas in Kazakhstan, compared with the 1980s, have decreased more than half, and the gross harvest has decreased more than three times [8]. |