UNMANNED VEHICLES: NEW CHALLENGES TO PUBLIC SECURITY
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KOROBEEV Aleksandr Ivanovich, Doctor of Law, Professor, Head of the Department of Criminal Law
and Criminology of the Far Eastern Federal University, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation
690091, Russia, Vladivostok, ul. Sukhanova, d. 8
akorobeev@rambler.ru
CHUCHAEV Aleksandr Ivanovich, Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor of the Department of Criminal
Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
125993, Russia, Moscow, ul. Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya, d. 9
moksha1@rambler.ru
Abstract. The paper gives a general description of unmanned ground, aerial, surface, underwater, space vehicles
developed in Russia and abroad to be used for military purposes and national economy. In general, the paper
highlights principles of their functioning and the degree of their autonomy. Special attention is paid to the danger
they create to a person, property, etc., in traffic accidents and when moral and legal problems are involved (in
compliance with the concepts of a “trolley case” and necessity that are often applied in common practice, e.g.
concerning road transport). The authors suggest a road map according to which, first, gaps in the legislation
(i.g. in civil and administrative law) should be eliminated; second, the rules of traffic safety and operation of
unmanned vehicles should be determined, and, third, a criminal law on liability for damage caused by the drone
should be elaborated. Main approaches to the definition of this criminal law prohibition are indicated and the
most important algorithms of criminalization of the act in question are highlighted.
Keywords: unmanned vehicles (UMV), surface UMV, underground UMV, aerial UMV, underwater UMV, “trolley
case”, ethics, legal regulation, emergency, crime, legal nature, criminalization, criminal responsibility, criminal
offender .
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