Министерство высшего и среднего специального образования республики
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- Irina Nikolaevna Doronina teacher of the Department of Russian Philology, Ferghana State University ETERNAL THEMES IN BULGAKOVS NOVEL "MASTER AND
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1. Алефиренко Н. Ф. Современные проблемы науки о языке. – М.: Флинта : Наука, 2005. – С. 182. 2. Большой толковый словарь русского языка / Под ред. С. А. Кузнецова. – СПб: Норинт, 2014. 3. Карасик В. И. Языковой круг: личность, концепты, дискурс. – М., 2004. – 361 с. 4. Кубрякова Е. С. Краткий словарь когнитивных терминов / Е. С. Кубрякова, В. З. Демьянков, Ю. Г. Панкриц, Л. Г. Лузина. – М., 1996. – С. 90 – 92. 5. Николаева Н. В., Сергеев В. И. Когнитивная лингвистика, человеческая когниция и зооморфические метафоры // Вестник Чувашского университета. – Чебоксары, 2016. – С. 233 – 237. 6. Степанов Ю. С. Константы: Словарь русской культуры. Опыт исследования. – М.: Школа «Языки русской культуры», 1997. – С. 41. Irina Nikolaevna Doronina teacher of the Department of Russian Philology, Ferghana State University ETERNAL THEMES IN BULGAKOV'S NOVEL "MASTER AND MARGARITA" The place of the novel "The Master and Margarita" in the life and work of its author. Bulgakov worked on the novel "The Master and Margarita" during 1928-1940. Six editions of the work are known. Even being seriously ill, the writer made changes to the text of the main novel of his life, dictating them to his wife, who was the prototype of the main character of the work. The novel was first published only in 1966 in the magazine "Moscow." The novel "The Master and Margarita" was one of the greatest achievements of Russian and world prose of the 20th century. In this work, all the motives and ideas characteristic of Bulgakov's work found their complete expression. Early stories, short stories, essays and feuilletons largely served as the building material from which the magnificent building of the "Master and Margarita" was worked. The "Master and Margarita" uses motifs and images from the works of various writers - Gogol, A. France, Maturin, Andrei Bely, Goethe, Dostoevsky... But it is here, in the most "literary" in its origin Bulgakov's work, it turns out, in our opinion, it is impossible to talk about literary influences in the strict sense of the word. Bulgakov rises above all literary influences, subordinates them to his goals and tasks and completes the development of his style, the birth of which we see in "Fatal Eggs" and, to an even greater extent, in "Dog Heart." In "The Master and Margarita," the epic beginning manifested itself in "The White Guard" finds its conclusion. It is no coincidence that the realities of military life, modern Bulgakov, were introduced into the narrative of Yeshua and Pilate. 444 The reader is completely immersed in the world of the fantastic reality he created, which in fact turns out to be the highest reality. The Master leaves for the otherworldly world in order to wait here for the hour when the modern world is renewed and again demands it to itself. And the reader's acquaintance with the text of "The Master and Margarita" is, according to Bulgakov's plan, the act of liberating the Master, returning him to his people. "Eternal" themes in the novel. Collision of good and evil. The theme of the clash of good and evil in the novel is revealed by the example of several storylines: a) Pontius Pilate and Yeshua Ga-Notsri - Yeshua embodies a person's ability to resist evil, violence with good; Pontius Pilate personifies a power that fears people like Yeshua, for the sake of maintaining power Pilate is able to create evil; b) Woland, who is the embodiment of the forces of evil, arrives in Moscow to establish justice; c) the persecution of the master - the author of a novel about spiritual values - literary critics and criminal authorities who defended the interests of spiritless authorities. Theme of artistic creation. A real artist cannot but create. Winning the master in the lottery was probably not accidental. There is another problem here, which is love. She is real and false. At the time this book was written, many mainly lived by civil marriage. But today, love for many people is in second place, and maybe even in last. But the important thing for them is the situation in which they are among society, as well as their financial situation. And in order to show that you need to change your mind a little, he decided to show love between Margarita and the Master. And for the sake of love, she even makes a deal with the devil himself. Usually, the devil must deceive his victim, but this does not happen here. The Devil, on the contrary, helps her in everything and makes her not only happy, but also free. Thus, he was given a chance to write his novel, to remind people that they had lost spiritual ideals, biblical truths. According to the master, the time he worked on the novel was "golden age," he is alive with his composition, which raised him above everyday life. The real creative work of the master is contrasted in the novel with the writing on the spite of the day of Massolit's figures. The theme of love. The feeling of the master and Margarita is sincere, elevated, with his arrival the lives of these people become much brighter. By the power of her love, Margarita returns the master and his novel from oblivion. A wide range of admirers of the novel. Bulgakov's high skill, the versatility of the novel were assisted because people of different ages and aesthetic tastes are read out by this work. "The Master and Margarita" is still one of the favorite works of Russian literature, a "cult" book of several generations of readers. "If there is a God, how can evil be? But if there is evil, how can God be? " Lermontov wrote. Speaking of the problem of good and evil in the work, it should be mentioned that Woland, who caught up in all horror, and seemingly should cause disgust, actually established justice by observing the actions of people. Woland punished society for the evil created for the sake of justice. Evil for him is not a desire, but a way to overcome human shortcomings and injustice. The decisions of a person to take the side of good or evil in the novel are observed by this particular "carrier of evil." Bulgakov shows that he who has done evil is obliged to atone for it. And this is what the one who "forever wants evil and forever does good" does in the novel. Woland and his retinue deliver truly crushing blows to the Moscow bureaucracy, greedy and petty ordinary people, vile officials. 445 As you have already noticed, here the author touches on several problems that are relevant today. жүктеу/скачать 7.64 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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