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Table 1. Diagnostic characteristics of Ego states in Aitys
Ego state:
«Parent»
«Adult»
«Child»
Means of the Ego
states during Aitys
Aitys
singers give an
estimated judgment with
ingrained voice of
authority, absorbed
conditioning
Aitys singers have ability
to think, which based on
received data. They can
control their emotions.
Their arguments are logical
sequence of the statement
Aitys singers may have
spontaneous emotional
reaction with negative,
impulsive statements,
unreasoned estimations
Aitys singer can be in each Ego state during aitys. And all these ego
states may change during
aitys. Transactions during aitys process are completed, but the last one may be incomplete because
the weak aitys singer can stop the aitys process.
For example, in youth aitys between Dzhambul and Aikumis (which was in 1871) have found
7 transactions, one of them was incomplete transaction [5]. Among them Dzambul was in “Adult”
Ego state in 5 transactions.
He was in “Parent” position only in one transaction. Aikumis was in “Parent” Ego state in 5
transactions, and only one was in “Adult” Ego state (see figure 1-3). The winner of this aitys was
Dzambul.
Fig.1 Example of the 2-nd transaction in aitys between Dzhambul and Aikumis
Fig.2 Example of the 3-rd transaction in aitys between Dzhambul and Aikumis
Fig.3 Example of the 4-th transaction in aitys between Dzhambul and Aikumis
The victory in aitys is provided with а position of "Adult" because this position
can control
emotional states of aitys singer and give a logic creative thinking and reflection.
Ego state “Child” not effective in aitys because it can cause a conflict situation by emotional
reaction of aitys singer. And also Ego state “Parent” not effective in aitys because it characterized as
authoritative position, which may cause negativism.
Aitys is a technique, training, practice of creative thinking development. Aitys is still popular
in our days because it is a unique kind of folklore which allows expressing in socially comprehensible
form of Kazakh people opinions about positive and negative sides of social life.
Thus, ethnopsychological research of an Aitys allows to draw the following:
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1.Aitys is a type of folklore which is focused on change, expansion of consciousness and
development of the identity of the person as the developing psychological practice.
As a result of joint practical activities Aitys develops
not only the intelligence, but develops
also the personality in general.
2.According to the concept of the transaction analysis of E. Berne, by criteria of three Ego states
the empirical experimental base for future researches of an Aitys as creative cognitive joint and
dialogical activity of the personality was created.
3.From a position of system approach the main function of Aitys is a strengthening of feeling
of ethnic identification.
Considering critical and productive cogitative activity of participants of process of Aitys
definition of process of Aitys as psychological component is given.
Process of communication in the Kazakh ethnos has it's features. Aitys isn't result and a victory
of one person during competition, since Aitys is result of joint creativity of listeners and poets,
because they are representatives of the same ethnos.
With the influence of an Aitys uniform ethnic integrity of the Kazakh people is created. During
an Aitys there is a co-authorship, empathy of the same problems and conditions of the people.
Aitys introduces novelty and according to the contents it's leads to particular change in human
minds.
In the intellectual sphere of young people there are the development and flexibility,
resourcefulness.
In this regard, one more function of an Aitys in the process of communication is the
development of critical thinking of youth, and also a new creative position in a communication
process.
References
1. Mukanov M. M. Mental activity. - Almaty, 1975. – 181 p.
2. Bernee Е. Transactional analysis. – SPb, Publisher : Owl, 2004. – 928 р.
3. Bernee E. Games people play: The psychology of human relationships//Balantine books, 1964
4. Dzhakupov S.M. The methodolical problems of studying of joint activity// Almaty: 2003. P.114-149
5. Aitys. Almaty: Zhazushy, Vol.3. 1966. 617 p.
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