Найновите научни постижения - 2023 ★ Volume 9
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The central problem of the psychology of innovativeness is the problem of
theoretical and experimental substantiation of mechanisms, forms and methods of
psychological emancipation of the creative potential of the individual and providing
psychological comfort for productive innovative socio-cultural activities.
The innovativeness of socio-cultural activities turns out to be the more
successful, the higher the need for new things in a given person. There are different
points of view about the essence of this need, including the opposite ones. Voltaire
believed that if a person did not have a need for the new, then we would still "climb
trees and eat acorns," and Hegel even believed that the need for the new is an essential
characteristic of a "social person."
However, the point of view is also known, according to which the main
meaning of human life is self-preservation, maintaining one's being precisely through
the cultivation of self-restraint, meekness [13].
The non-systemic determination and the innovative impulse, reduced by the
systemic minority, presupposes the existence of peculiar proto-institutions (normative
niches) that provide a vital intra-systemic space for the innovative minority, namely:
for deviants, i.e. subjects of both nonconformist behavior (principled manifest
deviation) and aberrant behavior (expedient, but masked deviation [14]).
The extra-systemic (countercultural) nature of the focus on the "new" was
noticed by the ancient Romans, who noticed that, as a rule, not free citizens, but
"rabble" showed interest in the new. V.I. Vernadsky also noted that the carriers of the
new throughout the history of mankind were outcasts of society.
At the same time, any truly creative work is quite often accompanied by certain
doubts and even, one might say, a risk: will inspiration come or will it not come? And
the "low" reality is such that you can be a good scientist, actor or engineer all your life
and not make a single significant discovery, not play a single outstanding role, not
create an interesting technical invention, but at the same time experience no less real
and sincere moral and psychological satisfaction from your activities [13].
The innovative readiness of consciousness largely depends on what emotional
and motivational states a particular problem situation causes in a person. These states
(activism, indifference, fear) certainly have an impact on the effectiveness and
efficiency of innovation. It is known that an increase in motivation (as well as a
situation of excessive psychological comfort) leads to an increase in innovative activity
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