Сборник материалов международного научного форума «филологическая наука в ХХІ веке: проблемы и перспективы»

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ориентированного подхода играют ролевые игры, а также отношение к каждому студенту как к уникальной 
индивидуальности. 
Abstract 
This article touches upon the importance of teaching students to student-centered approach in teaching English for specific 
purposes and the development of students' skills of independent study work, the formation of needs for self development and 
maintenance of discipline in the classroom. A crucial role in guiding the student-centered approach play role-playing games, as well 
as relevant to each student as a unique individual. 
G. Atabayeva, A. Ramazanova 
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University 
 
WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRACTICAL SKILLS
OF STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION 
 
Nowadays it is very important not only to master English language but also to know it very well. There 
are a lot of methods of teaching it. English as one of the means of a dialogue and knowledge around the 
world takes a special place in the system of modern education owing to the social, informative and 
developing functions. 
Teaching a foreign language is connected with the development both thinking and emotions and other 
spheres of a person. Importance and necessity of including of motivational and emotional spheres of a person 
of a pupil is underlined in the methodical literature of last years on teaching foreign languages. Mastering of 
the language in artificial conditions, that is out of the surroundings where it is spoken, demands creation of 
the imagined situations, being able to stimulate a communication in the language. Process of studying a 
foreign language promotes the formation of creative independence as there is a possibility of using creative 
tasks and exercises within the limits of the given subject which demands independent work from pupils. 
They are taught to use a language material for expression of their thoughts in a dialogical and monologic 
speech. We shall deal with the studying of methods and ways of development of practical skills in higher 
education which also promotes the formation and development of intellectual abilities among pupils that will 
raise the efficiency of teaching and educational process. 
Teaching English can and should provide the achievement of practical, educational and developing aims. 
Besides, the practical purpose the leading. The other purposes are reached in the course of mastering English 
in the conditions of pupils’ active informative of power of apprehension and activity. Pedagogic, guiding and 
synthesizing these aspects, defines vision of a problem from its specific point of view. 
I would like to pay a special attention to the development of independent creative activity in the teaching 
process. Teaching of independent activity at foreign language lessons. The aspiration to carry out the tasks 
demanding display great intellect, imagination, desire to get knowledge, dream, - here are necessary 
conditions of occurrence of a great interest in subjects. Independent work is considered to be the specific 
form of the school pupils’ educational activity characterising by all its features. As a matter of fact, it is the 
form of self-education connected with educational activity of the pupil in a class. The concept of independent 
pupil’s work of modern didactics is sure to correspond with the organizing a teacher’s role. 
Various kinds of individual and collective pupil’s activity mean independent work. They are carried out 
by them in class and extra activity at home according to the tasks without direct teacher’s participation. 
Learning a foreign language at home and somewhere else out of class, assumes as a basis of consideration of 
independent pupils’ activity. It represents various kinds of activity with education and bringing up of the 
pupil’s character himself, his independent work should be realised as free for choice, internally motivated 
activity. It assumes performance by the pupil of number of actions entering into it, the comprehension of the 
purpose of the activity, acceptance of an educational problem, giving a personal sense to it, submission of 
other interests to performance of this problem and forms of employment of the pupil, self-organising in the 
distribution of educational actions in time, self-checking in the course of performance and some other 
actions. 
Mastering a foreign language is connected with the formation of pupils’ pronounciation, lexical, 
grammatical, spelling and other skills. This is the basis of abilities to understand oral speech, to improve 
speaking, reading and writing. As far as it is known, skills are developed only during regular performance of 
certain actions of a teaching material, i.e. such actions which allow to listen, say, read and write repeatedly in 
studied language. Oral speech and first of all speaking practice is carried out directly in the presence of the 

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interlocutors which role at school is carried out by the teacher and schoolmates. However teaching speaking 
is supposed to have certain stages for which independent work is the most adequate form. 
It is also necessary to include certain links of work on a language material in independent work – 
acquaintance to it and partially training in its usage. As to reading, this kind of activity is made by the reader 
mainly alone with itself, hence, independent work quite corresponds to it. Attentive listening to English 
speech takes place now not only in a class, without preparation, in the presence of the teacher, from its voice 
or in phonorecord, but there are also audiotexts for independent pupils’ work, and this form of work is quite 
applicable to the given kind of speech activity. Training of writting also assumes certain stages. Speaking of 
independent work and pupils’ work in a class the first one is of more significance. 
The lesson-performance is effective and productive mode of study. Usage of works of art of the foreign 
literature at foreign language lessons improves pupils’ pronunciation skills, provides creation of 
communicative, informative and aesthetic motivation. Performance preparation is a creative work which 
promotes the development of skills of children’s language dialogue and disclosing of their individual 
creative abilities. 
Such kind of work stirs up pupils’ cogitative and speech activity, develops their interest to the literature, 
serves the best mastering of culture of the country of studied language, and also extends of language. Thus 
there is a process of storing of vocabulary. At the same time formation of the school children’s vocabulary 
leads to the so-called passive-potential vocabulary. It is important that pupils are satisfied with such kind of 
work. 
At the English lessons students analyze the selected problem, defend their position. Students should be 
able to estimate the read works critically, to state thoughts in written form according to the put problem, to 
learn to defend their point of view and to make their own decision in an understanding way in a class. Such 
form of a lesson develops mental pupils’ functions, logic and analytical thinking and that is important, ability 
to think in a foreign language. 
The lesson in the form of a musical play promotes development socio-cultural competence and 
acquaintance with the cultures of the English-speaking countries. Methodical advantages of song creativity 
in teaching a foreign language are obvious. It promotes aesthetic and moral education of schoolchildren, 
opens creative abilities of each pupil more fully. Thanks to musical singing at a lesson the favorable 
psychological climate is created, the weariness decreases, language activity is stirred up. In many cases’ it 
serves also as a discharge reducing pressure and restors pupils’ working capacity. 
Recently the method of projects gets more and more supporters. It is directed to develop child’s active 
independent thinking and to teach him to remember and reproduce knowledge which are given to him by 
school, and to be able to put them into practice. 
The design technique at work differs by a co-operative character on the project. Activity carried out is 
creative in its essence and focused on the person of the pupil. It assumes a high level of individual and 
collective responsibility for performance of each task on project working out. Teamwork of the group of 
pupils over the project is inseparable from active communicative interaction of pupils. The design technique 
is one of forms of the organisation of research informative activity in which pupils take an active subjective 
position. Theme of the project can be connected with one subject sphere or have a interdisciplined character. 
At selection of a theme of the project the teacher should be guided by interests and requirements of pupils, 
their possibilities and the personal importance of the forthcoming work, the practical importance of the result 
of work on the project. The executed project can be presented in the most different forms: an article, 
recommendations, an album, a collage and many other things. Forms of presentation of the project are also 
various: a report, a conference, a competition, a holiday, a performance. The main result of work on the 
project will be actualisation of available and getting new knowledge, skills and abilities and their creative 
application in new conditions. Work on the project is carried out in some stages and usually is beyond 
educational activity at lessons: a choice of a theme or a project problem; formation of group of executors; 
working out of the plan of work on the project, definition of terms; distribution of tasks among pupils; 
fulfilment of the tasks, discussion the results of fulfilment of each task in a group; registration of joint result; 
the report under the project; an estimation of performance of the project. 
Work by a design technique demands from pupils a high degree of independence of search activity, 
coordination of their actions, active research, performing and communicative interaction. The role of the 
teacher consists in preparation of pupils for work on the project, choice of a theme, in rendering assistance 
by the pupil at scheduling, in the current control and consultation of pupils on a course of performance of the 
project with function of participator. 
So, the basic idea of a method of projects consists in transferring accent from a various kind of exercises 
on active cogitative activity of pupils during joint creative work. 

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Independence is treated in pedagogy, as one of the person’s properties. This property is characterised by 
two factors. The first factor includes set of means – knowledge, abilities, skills which the person possesses. 
The second factor – the relation of the person to activity process, its result and conditions of the realisation, 
and also communications developing in the course of activity with other people. 
One of significant problems in pedagogy is the problem of forming – self-dependence means to make, to 
organize, to generate. We hold that opinion that formation is a process in the course of which there is a 
creation of something new on the basis of available qualities of the person as genesis character, and acquired. 
In works of scientists on problems of informative independence, depending on the aspect of research, the 
definition of concept of informative independence is revealed a condition, methods, structure of development 
of pupils’ creative abilities through independent kinds of activity. 
In conclusion I must admit that the project seen from the point of view of its process, holds great promise 
for helping students in their efforts to further improve many aspects of their English-language proficiency. 
However, the potential of the project can only be fully manifested as more is understood about the nature of 
different types of tasks and as the teachers in the program gradually implement changes which they believe 
will result in a pedagogically sounder experience or the students.

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