Обзор математических моделей для описания фазовых превращений в сталях

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obzor фазовые переходы в сталях

Ключевые слова: обзор, модели, фазовые переходы, стали.

I.L. Isupova, P.V. Trusov

Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation

REVIEW OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS

ON PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN STEELS

In steels all known solid state phase transformations are observed: polymorphic transformation

with wide spectrum of morphological and kinetics features, eutectoid decomposition (pearlite transfor-

mation), decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions, short- and long – range ordering in austenite

and martensite. The important feature of these systems is different diffusion mobility of metal and car-

bon atoms. Therefore, reorientation of the crystal lattice may occur simultaneously with the diffusion

redistribution of carbon and alloying elements.

И.Л. Исупова, П.В. Трусов

158

In the present article reviews the papers on mathematical modeling of diffusionless (martensitic)

and diffusion phase transformations in steels under thermomechanical loading. There are two basic

approaches to constructing models of the polymorphic transformations. The first method is based on an

explicit introduction to the consideration of interfaces according to the conditions at the interface of a

deformable material and the kinetics of the new phase. The second method involves the development of

models based on the introduction of additional state parameters that characterize certain features of the

material structure "on average" (for example, the concentration of a new phase), and the formulation of

relations for them. Models used to describe the phase transitions are manifold. In the present review we

present works that are considered and multi-level, and self-consistent, and direct model. We also con-

sider the work that use gradient theory, which allows to take into account the impact of scale factors on

the processes of phase transformations and behavior of the investigated steel.

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