Look through the text again and find international words and translate them

22. 
    Match the words and translate the word combinations.
    

23. 
    Pay attention to the verbs in the text. Many of them have prepositions. Find them in the text.
    

24. 
    Are the following sentences about PSU true or false? Correct the mistakes.
    

1. 
   PSU was founded in 1970 on the basis of Novopolotsk Polytechnic Institute.
   
2. 
   There are twelve faculties at PSU.
   
3. 
   The University has Post-Graduate courses.
   
4. 
   Students have exams once a year.
   
5. 
   PSU offers its students good facilities for study and rest.
   
6. 
   There aren’t any sports clubs here.
   
7. 
   It is quite difficult to study at PSU.
   

25. 
    Pay attention. We often use It’s + adjective + Infinitive with to. It’s nice/easy/difficult/impossible/safe/stupid/dangerous/good/wonderful to do sth.
    

Example: It’s not easy to study here.

Example: It was impossible to understand him.

26. 
    Complete the sentences. Use It’s + (box 1) + to + (box 2)
    

1. 
   ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­_____________, Jill. How are you?
   
2. 
   _____________ at night. There is always a lot of noise.
   
3. 
   A lot of cities are not safe. _________ at night.
   
4. 
   If you don’t have a well-paid job, _________ money.
   
5. 
   _____________ warm clothes in hot weather.
   
6. 
   People are friendly in this town. _________.
   

27. 
    Answer the questions about you.
    

1. 
   Was it easy to enter PSU?
   
2. 
   Is it difficult to study here?
   
3. 
   Is it possible to get ready for all seminars?
   
4. 
   Is it interesting to be a student?
   

28. 
    The text about PSU contains some sentences with “who” and “that”. Find them and try to translate. “Who” and “that” are relative pronouns. They join two parts of the sentence.
    

1. 
   The people are very friendly. They work in the office.
   

The people who work in the office are very friendly.

2. 
   PSU is a classical university. It follows European traditions in culture and education.
   

PSU is a classical university that follows European traditions in culture and education.

3. 
   We use “who” for people and “that” for things (and sometimes for people). We can also use “which” for things only.
   

29. 
    Match the parts of the sentences. Use “who”.
    

Example: A student is a person who studies at a university.

30. 
    Put in who |that| which.
    

1. 
   What’s the name of the man ____ lives next door?
   
2. 
   What’s the name of the river ____ goes through the town?
   
3. 
   Where is the picture ____ was on the wall?
   
4. 
   She always asks me questions ____ are difficult to answer.
   
5. 
   I have a friend ____ is very good at cooking.
   
6. 
   A coffee-maker is a machine ____ makes coffee.
   
7. 
   I don’t like people ____ never stop talking.
   
8. 
   Where is the money ____ was on the table?
   
9. 
   She often wears clothes ____ are too small for her.
   

31. 
    Answer the questions about your university and get ready to speak about it in class.
    

1. 
   Where do you study?
   
2. 
   What faculty do you study at?
   
3. 
   What departments are there at the university?
   
4. 
   How many students get knowledge at PSU?
   
5. 
   Who teaches students and post graduates at PSU?
   
6. 
   What are the faculties of our university?
   
7. 
   Do you attend lectures and seminars every day?
   
8. 
   How often do you have exams?
   
9. 
   Do foreign students study at PSU?
   
10. 
    What educational facilities are there at the university?
    
11. 
    Do our students have good social conditions?
    
12. 
    Is the students’ theatre popular with students?
    
13. 
    Is it interesting to study at PSU? Why?
    

1. 
   Read the conversations and choose the best reply.
   

1. Student: Excuse me, how do you say this word?

Teacher: 1) I understand.

2) Erm… it’s “uncle”.

2. Student: Can you say that again, please?

Teacher: 1) Yes, it’s “uncle”.

2) No, thank you.

3. Student: How do you spell “cousin”?

Teacher: 1) She’s fine, thank you.

2) C-O-U-S-I-N.

4. Student: Can you write it on the board, please?

Teacher: 1) Yes, sure.

2) I don’t understand.

5. Student: What’s the English for “calcio”?

Teacher: 1) I don’t know.

2) It’s “football”.

6. Student: Excuse me, what page are we on?

Teacher: 1) Twenty-four.

2) Open your book and look at this picture.

2. 
   Translate into English using the conversations.
   

1. 
   Не могли бы Вы повторить?
   
2. 
   Простите, на какой мы странице?
   
3. 
   Да, конечно.
   
4. 
   Как пишется слово…?
   
5. 
   Не могли бы Вы написать на доске?
   
6. 
   Как будет по-английски …?
   
7. 
   Откройте книгу и посмотрите на рисунок.
   

3. 
   Practise the conversations with your group-mate. Try to sound polite. Make more classroom conversations.
   

1. 
   Read about Mattie Smith’s life now.
   

Mattie Smith is 91 years old. She lives alone in Atlanta, Georgia. She starts her day at 7.30. First she has a bath, next she cleans the house, and then she sits outside on her verandah and thinks about her past life. Then she writes poems about it.

2. 
   Read about Mattie Smith’s life a long time ago.
   

Mattie was never at school. She lived with her mother and four sisters. She started work when she was eight. She worked in the cotton fields from 6.00 in morning to 10.00 at night. She couldn’t read or write but she could think, and she created poems in her head.

3. 
   Study the rule about regular verbs.
   

1. 
   Все английские глаголы делятся на правильные (Regular verbs) и неправильные (Irregular verbs). Правильные глаголы образуют Past Simple путем прибавления окончания –ed.
   

Clean – cleaned

2. 
   Если глагол оканчивается на –e, то прибавляется окончание –d.
   

3. 
   Если глагол оканчивается на согласную + -y, y меняется на i + -ed
   

Marry - married

4. 
   Если глагол состоит из одного слога и оканчивается на одну гласную + одну согласную, то согласная удваивается.
   

Plan – planned

Can you guess the rule?

[t] – после глухих согласных

[d] – после гласных и звонких согласных

[ıd] – после звуков [t] и [d]

4. 
   Read about Anna.
   

Anna left school in 2003 and went to university. She studied economics. It was interesting. Anna had a good time. After university, in 2008, she got a job. Soon after that, in 2009, Anna met Dmitry. They fell in love. They bought a flat together and got married in 2010.

What tense are they in?

Which verbs are regular?

Which verbs are irregular?

What do you know about them?

5. 
   Study the rule about irregular verbs.
   

В английском языке большое количество неправильных глаголов. Они образуют форму прошедшего времени (The Past Simple) и форму причастия прошедшего времени (Participle II) следующим образом:

1. 
   Изменением корневой гласной:
   

2. 
   Изменением конечной гласной –d на –t:
   

3. 
   Прибавлением окончания –d или –t с изменением или без изменения корневой гласной:
   

4. 
   Без изменения формы:
   

5. 
   От разных основ:
   

Все три формы неправильных глаголов необходимо выучить. Список основных неправильных глаголов смотрите в Приложении. Для образования Past Simple используйте вторую форму!

6. 
   Write the Past Simple of the following verbs.
   

7. 
   Study the way we form Past Simple.
   

Positive

I He/She/It	moved	to London in 1985.
We You They	went

Negative

I He/She/It	didn’t	move	to London.
We You They		go

Special questions

When	did	I he/she/it	go?
Where		we you they

Yes, No questions Short answers

Did

he/she you they etc.

like

the film?

No, I didn’t. Yes, she did. etc.

Past Simple употребляется для выражения действия, которое совершалось или совершилось в прошлом, для констатации факта совершения действия. Время совершения действия может быть указано или не указано. Обстоятельства времени, которые часто употребляются с Past Simple, были перечислены ранее.

8. 
   Read the text about Mattie Smith once again.
   

1. 
   Did she go to school?
   
2. 
   Who did she live with?
   
3. 
   When did she start work?
   
4. 
   Where did she work?
   
5. 
   How many hours did she work?
   
6. 
   Did she write poems?
   
7. 
   Did she create poems in her head?
   
8. 
   How old is she now?
   
9. 
   Does she often think about her past life?
   

9. 
   Think of your grandparents and great-grandparents?
   

Do you know their names?

How old are they now?

Where did they live?

Did they work hard when they were young?

Speak about them.

10. 
    Read the text about Anna once again. Complete the questions about Anna.
    

1. 
   When ____ Anna leave school?
   
2. 
   Where ____ she ____ after school?
   
3. 
   What ____ she ____ at university?
   
4. 
   When ____ she ____ a job?
   
5. 
   Who ____ she ____ in 2009?
   
6. 
   What ____ Anna and Dmitry ____ in 2010?
   

What did you do in 2003?

When did you leave school?

When did you go to university?

11. 
    Complete the sentences with the verb in the negative.
    

Example: I saw John but I didn’t see Mary.

1. 
   They worked on Monday but they ____ on Tuesday.
   
2. 
   We went to the shop but we ____ to the bank.
   
3. 
   She had a pen but she ____ any paper.
   
4. 
   Jack did French at school but he ____ German.
   

12. 
    What did you do yesterday? Write true sentences.
    

Example: (watch TV) I watched TV yesterday. or I didn’t watch TV yesterday.

1. 
   (get up before 7.30)
   
2. 
   (have a shower)
   
3. 
   (buy a magazine)
   
4. 
   (speak English)
   
5. 
   (eat meat)
   
6. 
   (drink coffee)
   
7. 
   (go to bed at midnight)
   

13. 
    Choose the correct variant to complete the sentences.
    

1. 
   I (watched/watch/did watch) a film on TV last night.
   
2. 
   He (didn’t drink/didn’t drank/not drink) any coffee for lunch.
   
3. 
   Last year I (did fly/flied/flew) to America.
   
4. 
   I (didn’t knew/not know/didn’t know) him very will, I’m afraid.
   
5. 
   Did you make a cup of tea? (Yes, I make/Yes, I made/Yes, I did)
   
6. 
   When did you last see a film at the cinema? (Before two weeks/Two weeks ago/Ago two weeks)
   

14. 
    Read and translate the time phrases that we often use in the Past Simple. Put them in order from now going back into the past.
    

Past

15. 
    Make true sentences about you. Use the time phrases from ex. 14.
    

16. 
    Do you know any famous people of Belarus? What are they famous for? Read about Euphrosyne of Polotsk, a patron saint of Belarus. Before reading make sure you understand the following words and phrases.
    

Later she ____ (found) her own convent. Euphrosyne ____ (be) well-educated and could read and translate from Greek and Latin. She ____ (copy) religious books and ____ (give) money to poor people.

She also ____ (found) two churches and several monasteries. They ____ (become) centres of enlightenment in the Principality of Polotsk.

Later in her life she ____ (make) a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. During the trip Euphrosyne ____ (fall ill) and ____ (die) in 1173. Her relics are in Polotsk now. There is also a monument to St. Euphrosyne in the centre of Polotsk.

17. 
    Match the words and translate the word combinations.
    

18. 
    Make your own sentences with these word combinations.
    

19. 
    Ask and answer questions about Euphrosyne of Polotsk.
    

20. 
    
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