Ўзбекистон республикаси олий ва ўрта махсус таълим вазирлиги фарғона давлат университети
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| c) Professionalisms – as the term itself signifies, are the words used in definite
trade, profession or calling be people connected by common interest both at work and at home. Professionalisms are correlated to terms. Terms nominate new concepts that appear in the process of and as a result of, technical progress and the development of science. Professionalisms are special words in the non-literary layer of the English vocabulary, whereas terms are a specialized group belong to the literary layer of words. Terms are connected with a branch of science or technique well known to ordinary people, are easily decoded. ex: block-buster (= “a bomb especially designed to destroy Hocks of big buildings”) tin–fish (= “submarine”) Professionalisms should not be mixed up with jargonisms. Like slang, words, professionalisms do not aim at secrecy. They fulfill a socially useful function in communication, facilitating a quick and adequate grasp of the message. d) Vulgar words. Rude words or expressions used mostly in the speech of uncultured and the uneducated. There is subdivision among vulgarisms into those which, through long usage, have lost their abusive character and became mere signals of ruffled emotions, and those which preserved their initial characteristics and serve to insult and humiliate the addressee or to convey the object in question. The first have lost much (or all) of their shocking power, became hackneyed and moved close to standard colloquial words (cf. Russian ‘чертовски’ or English ‘devil’) while the latter, which may be called vulgarisms proper comprise the main bulk of this vocabulary group. Examples: 1… a hyena crossed the open on his way around the hill. “That bastard crosses every night”, the man said (H.) 2. Suddenly Rercy snatched the letter… “Give it back to me, you rotten devil”, Reter shouted. “You know damn well it doesn’t say that. I’ll kill you big fat belly. I swear I will.” (J.Br.) There are different degrees of vulgar words. Some of them, the obscene ones should not even be fixed in common dictionaries. They are euphemistically called “four-letter” words 26 ex: damn, bloody, son of a bitch, to hell …. Sometimes they appear in euphemistic spelling, only the initial letter is printed: d _ _ _ (damn) b_ _ _ (bloody) The function of vulgarisms is to express strong emotions, mainly annoyance, anger, vexation and etc. жүктеу/скачать 0.64 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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